You can see many of the shortcuts for Safari next to the commands in the Safari menus. Here are some additional shortcuts.
Webpages
Select the search field
Command (⌘)-Option-F
Scroll up, down, left, or right
Arrow keys
Scroll in larger increments
Press Option while you press an arrow key
Scroll down a screen
Page Down key
Space bar
Scroll up a screen
Page Up key
Shift–Space bar
Open a page in a new tab
Press Command (⌘) while you click a link or bookmark
Open a page in a new tab, and bring tab to the front
Press Command (⌘) and Shift while you click a link or bookmark
Bring the next tab to the front
Control-Tab or Command (⌘)-Shift-[
Bring the previous tab to the front
Control-Shift-Tab or Command (⌘)-Shift-]
Close all tabs except for one
Press Option while you click the close button (X) on the tab you want to leave open
Open all bookmarks in a collection in the bookmarks bar in tabs
Press Command (⌘) and click the collection in the bookmarks bar
See a list of recent pages by name
Press the Back or Forward button until the list appears
See a list of recent pages by address
Press the Option key and press the Back or Forward button until the list appears
Open a downloaded file
Double-click the icon next to the file in the Downloads window
Bookmarks
Add a bookmark to the Bookmarks menu
Open the page, and then press Command (⌘)-Shift-D
Add a bookmark to the bookmarks bar
Drag the page icon from the address field to the bookmarks bar
Move a bookmark on the bookmarks bar
Drag the bookmark left or right
Remove a bookmark from the bookmarks bar
Drag the bookmark off the top of the bar
Bookmarks list
Open the Bookmarks list
Command (⌘)-Option-B
Select the next bookmark or folder in a collection
Up Arrow or Down Arrow key
Open a folder in a collection
Right Arrow key
Close a folder in a collection
Left Arrow key
Open a folder in a collection and all the folders it contains
Option-Right Arrow key
Close a folder in a collection and all the folders it contains
Option-Left Arrow key
Change the name or address of a bookmark
Select the bookmark and press Return or Enter
Select the next bookmark name or address to change it if text is selected
Press the Tab key
Finish editing a bookmark
Press the Return or Enter key
Delete a bookmark in the bookmarks list
Select the bookmark and press Delete